Design Context: OUGD504 - Design For Print: Finishing

Finishing

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Embossing
Embossing makes something stand out from the page. It impresses an image or text into a surface using an engraved metal die. This creates a raised impression. If the impression is to be sunk, it is known as 'debossing'. You might also have come across the terms 'blind embossing', which means that no foiling or printing is required, and 'foil embossing' where foil is used in the process.
Embossing gives elegance to all kinds of printed materials including stationery and envelopes, invitations, wedding cards, thank you notes, gift bags and other promotional goods.
The success of the embossing process does depend very much on the surface of the stock used.

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Foiling
Foiling or foil blocking is the process of applying metallic or 'foil' effects to a surface. It uses a metal die - like a stamp - onto which the design is chemically etched or crafted by hand from supplied artwork. Dies are made from various metals and can be either 'flat' (foil only) or 'combination' (foiling and embossing done in one pass).
The technique produces effects which are practically impossible to achieve using traditional ink printing. Foils are available in a variety of finishes, including gloss, matt and satin. Along with standard gold and silver, you can choose from many other metallic colours. Some foils do have restricted uses, so please check with us first.
It is also possible to foil block on to leather, plastic, and a number of other surfaces.

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Flocking
Flocking is the process of depositing many small fibre particles onto a surface.
It can also refer to the texture produced by the process, or to any material used primarily for its flocked surface. Flocking is used in many ways. One example is in model building, where a grassy texture may be applied to a surface to make it look more realistic. Other things may be flocked to give them a velour texture such as t-shirts, wallpaper, gift/jewellery boxes, or upholstery.
Besides the application of velvety coatings to surfaces and objects there exist various flocking techniques as a means of colour and product design. They range from screen printing to modern digital printing in order to refine for instance fabric, clothes or books by multicolour patterns.
Flock consists of synthetic fibres that look like tiny hairs. Flock print feels somewhat velvet and a bit elevated. The length of the fibres can vary in thickness which co-determines the appearance of the flocked product. Thin fibers produce a soft velvety surface, thicker fibers a more bristle-like surface.

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Spot Varnishing
Spot varnishing is used to highlight images with matt or gloss varnish against unvarnished areas, which leads to an enhanced visual impression.
Spot varnishing can be done on an IR or UV basis.
Spot UV Varnish is a process whereby we would apply a clear gloss, matt or satin `laquer`onto specific areas of (usually) pre litho-printed sheets. Either directly onto the paper or, more effectively, after the sheet has been matt laminated.
Spot UV can also be used directly onto most uncoated stocks too, simply by first applying a matt UV and then a gloss UV over the top. This effect will highlight certain areas of any printed matter and greatly enhance the product.

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Die-Cutting

Die cutting is the process that cuts out non-square shapes from sheets of paper using a cutting forme.

The cutting forme is made from plywood with the cutting template laser cut into it. A metal cutting rule is then bent to the same shape and inserted into the plywood base to create a very stable cutting tool.

Die-cutting gives your printed materials crisp creases and clean cuts.It is very popular in creating folders, envelopes and windows in report covers.

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Book Binding
Japanese stab binding
This is a form of binding that is used to bind single leaves of paper using decorative stitching at the spine of the book.

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Perfect binding
Thermal binding (hot tape binding) is often called perfect binding. It is well suited for thick books and thick magazines. Thermal binding uses heat and glue to bind the book together.

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Case binding
Case binding is used in hardcover books. The spine of the book are sewn, glued, and added with gauze cloth before binding them in the case binding machine.

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Pamphlet binding
Pamphlet binding is one of the quickest and easiest ways to bind together small booklets. It involves putting a number of holes through the spine and sewing them together with a piece of thread or wire.

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Spiral bound
It is sometimes called coil binding or plastic wire binding. It depends on the material used. Spiral binding may use plastic wire, coil, or wire to hold the papers together. It is used in notebooks all of the time. A perfect example of spiral binding is the binding of spiral notebooks. This type of binding allows the document to be opened flat.

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Velo Bound
Velo binding looks like a perfect bound book. That is because this type of binding is also perfect. It is usually used by lawyers for their documents. Velo binding uses heat, glue, hot knife, and plastic strips during its binding process.

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Screw bound
In screw, stud or post binding, first holes are drilled through the complete document. Then a barrel post is inserted through the holes and a cap screw is added to the post to hold everything together. Frequently used for swatch books.

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Concertina
This is binding using glue and folded double page spreads. These sheets are folded in half and place back to back and glued together. It is a quick and easy method to join together a large number of spreads.

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Saddle stitching

This kind of binding is usually used in thin comic books and news magazines. The pages are joined together and are stapled in the middle to hold them together. It is the most widely used binding method because of its simplicity and economical method.